On my G751JT - I use ATK v100039 - I installed it on win10 1709 and then made upgrade ( not clean ) to 1803 - no manual intervention was needed at all after the upgrade.
try to run live-cd of ubuntu, it the keyboard backlight should work out-of-the-box even on live-cd mode ( i.e no installation on HDD is needed ).
IMHO, the FN+F3/4 are hardcoded into the laptop bios/uefi - and it is about the only set of FN keys that should work w/o any OS installed - even in bios screens ( but an OS can hurt/disable them, like in cases of many hackintosh ).
so my advise for you is to make sure it is a software issue, i.e windows - by booting into ubuntu live-cd.
if issue exist - most probably it is a HW issue.
also - when you boot laptop the light should auto enabled for a short time ( during POST ) - if that doesn't happen - it another indication it's a HW issue.
Asus G751JTSamsung EVO 850 120GB + 1TB HDD 7200RPM
Cleaned installed Win 10 HOME
My Guides:
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