I doubt restoring Windows from an older point will change the reported info, as I suspect Windows is just reading that from the BIOS either on boot or on demand. It's possible that Windows might write the data to a log file somewhere, but I really don't know where that would be. I had a look at my most recent reboot in Event Viewer, and it doesn't seem to log any of that stuff on boot in there. I.e. if the backup contained a logfile or something, maybe, but I don't think the reported value would be restored from backup. Another possible source is if you've saved a report file from one of the tools like AIDA64, CPU-Z, or HWiNFO64.
For general system operation, I suspect the board serial and UUID don't matter much. Where it could creep in is things like authentication, cryptography, DRM, licensing, the LSA, the SAM db, etc. It may well also have done something to your Ethernet MAC addresses. I don't know if the Ethernet MAC chips on the boards have an address programmed into them, or if it's assigned to them from main BIOS storage.
There's some licensing and enablement for the advanced audio features that ASUS supply which could possibly be impacted. I don't know if they use those DTS keys shown in your screenshot above for that, or if they just base it on detecting the board type.
On my Crosshair VIII board, I'm seeing the UUID that HWiNFO64 reports being derived from my two Ethernet MAC addresses. AIDA64 reports two different UUIDs, a "Universal Unique ID" and a "Universal Unique ID (GUID)", both of which contain my two MAC addresses prefixed by a 32 bit number. The HWiNFO64 UUID matches the AIDA64 GUID. They look like this in AIDA64:
| Universal Unique ID |
xxxxxxxx-04421Aaa-bbc00442-1Aaabbc1 |
| Universal Unique ID (GUID) |
yyyyyyyy-4204-aa1A-bbc0-04421Aaabbc1 |
xxxxxxxx and yyyyyyyy are 32 bit numbers. I don't know if they are random, a standard prefix, or what. My MAC addresses are 04-42-1A-aa-bb-c0 and 04-42-1A-aa-bb-c1 (04-42-1A is a vendor block allocated to ASUS).
My Intel AX210 WiFi M.2 card uses an Intel MAC address that I'm pretty sure is stored in the WiFi card's BIOS/NVRAM, not the motherboard. It's probably printed on the card's label, but I'd have to disassemble the motherboard to see it.
There's no guarantee that your board's UUID was similarly derived from the Ethernet MAC addresses, so it's maybe not all that helpful but gives you an idea of what it looks like on another board.
Curiously, the DMI serial number for my board is a decimal number that does not obviously relate to the product serial number on the barcode label stuck to the board (which is alphanumeric). There's a barcode label between my CPU socket and RAM which has my second Ethernet MAC address on it.
