First you need to figure out if it's the header or the port. Does your case's front IO have more than 2 front USB 2.0 ports. (they usually come in pairs, aka 2, 4...) If you have 4 and you know those 2 ports are working, temporarily change the cable from the header they're connected on (and working), to the one the faulty port is connected to. So disconnect the cable of the faulty port (you'll automatically temporarily disconnect a 2nd port too. headers support 2 ports at once), and connect that other cable on it.
Does the problematic port work now?
If yes: the port itself is fine, the boards header is not. > RMA the board
if no: the port is likely defective and the header is fine. > replace the case io panel