Critical components on the motherboard are all solid-state semiconductors. Semiconductor chemistry is temperature sensitive, semiconductors have very different electrical properties at LN2 temperatures. The temperature of
LN2 is about -196C (77K, -320F) while the
operating temperature of motherboard components is (at best) nominally rated for -55C to 125C - LN2 will easily frost hardware far below design thresholds. Consider how sensitive the stability and performance of an overclocked CPU or GPU becomes to temperature, every degree and every microvolt has profound impact once the limits are approached.
Enabling the LN2 jumper activates special timing circuitry which attempts to compensate for altered electrical properties in the VRMs and oscillators. It dramatically changes their power inputs, power outputs, and PWM control frequencies. It makes the onboard ASIC (the ROG chip) run the hardware with a different set of logic and control parameters. It activates the optional onboard temperature probe points. It might "unlock" some BIOS settings or values which would be utterly suicidal at normal temperatures. On some Asus hardware it even powers up resistors designed to
add heat to critical areas in the circuit in an attempt to battle the infamous cold bug (because the bootloaders in complex ICs tend to be very stupid and sluggish when they're frozen).
It focusses the motherboard's resources away from general operating efficiency and towards maximal (if momentary) critical component overclocks. It strains the hardware and shortens operating lifespan. It will probably burn out VRMs or cook your processor in a short time, regardless of temps. It also very decisively voids Asus warranty.
Don't enable the LN2 jumper unless you are actually attempting an LN2 overclock. It will not remove any non-LN2 overclocking limits, you're not being held back by anything with the jumper disabled. But enabling it will make your system less stable and will likely cook your mobo/proc quicker (while Asus and Intel categorically disapprove RMAs for such component damage). Even the crazy LN2 overclockers accept the loss of mobos and procs as routine, but they don't just throw them away without at least trying for a blaze of record-breaking glory.
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