Increasing the CPU clock by a tiny bit shouldn't damage the CPU, not even if it is an unstable OC. A damaged CPU wont damage the motherboard either. A CPU will die either by reaching 100c+ for a long time or if it's unstable in a long period with ver...
One of the DIMMS might be dead. I came across the same problem when I bought my 16GB 2400 TridentX. I immediately RMA my kit, they replaced it.I have the same board by the way...