I would go into the BIOS and have it reset to default then go into the power management settings there to see if they reflect your usage.
Also, in Windows you may want to check the power management settings for Windows. Your function keys can be changed to suspend instead of shutting down or even hibernate.
When you removed the battery was the laptop completely disconnected from battery and the power cord or did you already have the power plug connected when you removed the battery? If it had a constant source of power then that may have prevented a complete reset of whatever went wrong. If the problem happens again you may want to remove both for a few seconds and then try plugging the power back in.
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