BCLK or Base Clock is the clock that most of the components in the system derive their speed from. High OCers raise it because it offers much more fine grained control as opposed to multipliers and it allows them to squeeze a few extra MHz out of the chip.
For the cores it would be BCLKxCore Multiplier=Frequency. You normally don't want adjust it more than -/+ 2MHz. Although you can choose different straps/dividers that let you keep the PCIe bus and other buses/clocks at stable speeds. -- Example A: 100x44=4,400MHz (4.4GHz) | Example B: 102.3x44=4,501MHz (4.5GHz)
As for really quick testing... stick a good cooler on it and torture it with the latest version of Prime95 w/SmallFFT's.
If you want to go really crazy launch 2 copy's of P95 and have the first copy run on the real cores and the second copy run on the hyper-threaded cores (P95_1: Core0,Core2,Core4,Core6 | P95_2 Core1,Core3,Core5,Core7). - Don't actually do this it can't possibly be good for the CPU. 😉