It's not only Asus. Other motherboard brands use the same controller. It's really just a cheap add-on so manufacturers can advertise more SATA3 ports.
The Asmedia controller on this board (ASM 1061) is similar to the Marvell 9128 SATA controller (on x58 boards), in that it only uses one PCI-E 2.0 lane (max 5Gb/s). The Marvel 9128 gets ~400/240 MB/s max read/write ATTO, the Asmedia having similar performance.
SanDisk 256GB ATTO Benchmark on ASMedia ASM1061This being a premium flagship board, Asus should of went with the Marvell 88SE92xx SATA3 controller (as found on the Asus Z9PE-D8 WS, ASRockFatal1ty X79 Champion, ASRock X79 Extreme9). It has 2x PCIe2.0 lanes + RAID support, with performance closer to the Intel controller.
By the way, the latest Asmedia drivers/firmware found
HERE, should slightly improve performance.