Go to
PCPartPicker or
Logical Increments to see what sort of hardware you can get on budget.
The chassis is not a particularly expensive piece of the final build - processor, motherboard, memory, GPU card(s), PSU, coolers, etc can fill up $600 pretty quick.
You might not be able to fit standard ATX motherboard and PSU form factors into that chassis. You might not be able to install any front-mounted drives or accessories without altering the fit and appearance of the front fascia. You might find that HP has stripped out all enclosure amenities like cable anchors, grommets, rails, etc. Hard to say without actually inspecting the chassis and carefully measuring all the fittings.
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